You may not have realized that your
remodeling project may be creating unhealthy household air. Asbestos,
formaldehyde and other organic solvents, and leaded paint dust are the main
ones. These hazardous materials can be released into the air when you remove
paint, hang cabinets or disturb other existing products that contain these
materials. Paints, stripping and finishing products, and adhesives can also
create indoor air pollution.
Simply using products that don't include
these hazardous materials will not necessarily minimize your exposure. Lead
and asbestos were commonly used in home building until the late 1970s.
Remodeling or attempting to remove these materials from a building can
actually increase your risk of exposure. Often it is better to leave the lead-
or asbestos-containing materials in place, but cover or seal them to reduce
exposure. If you suspect these materials are in your home, seek professional
help before remodeling. If you remodel, remember that careful cleanup is
important to control exposure.
Major sources of asbestos are
deteriorating, damaged or disturbed insulation, fireproofing or acoustical
materials, and floor tiles. You won't feel any immediate symptoms from
excessive asbestos exposure, but there is the long-term risk of chest and
abdominal cancers and lung disease. Smokers are at higher risk of developing
asbestos-induced lung cancer.
Young children to age six are especially
at risk of unknowingly ingesting lead contaminated dust or paint chips. Small
amounts of lead dust, ingested regularly, can cause delayed development,
reading and learning problems, lowered IQ, hyperactivity and discipline
problems. Larger doses can cause high blood pressure, anemia, and kidney and
reproductive disorders in kids and adults. Lead accumulates in the body and
its effects are irreversible.
Formaldehyde is often used as a
preservative or as an adhesive in pressed wood products, such as paneling and
particleboard, and furniture. Exposure to it causes eye, nose and throat
irritations; wheezing and coughing; fatigue; skin rashes; headaches; loss of
coordination; nausea; damage to liver, kidneys and the central nervous system;
and severe allergic reactions. It has been linked to cancer.
There are other chemicals used in
remodeling such as paints, wood strippers and finishes, adhesives, waxes and
cleaners that should be handled with caution. Many of these products contain
volatile organic compounds that are organic solvents that easily evaporate
into the air. Some may be flammable. The following are some of the compounds
listed on product labels that should call for caution: petroleum distillates,
minerals spirits, chlorinated solvents, carbon tetrachloride, methylene
chloride, trichloroethane, toluene and formaldehyde. Other remodeling products
can be a hazard if they are used improperly.
